To help state and local public health departments develop emergency preparedness plans that address the unique issues of special needs populations living within the community, this RAND Public Health Preparedness toolkit distills the most relevant strategies, practices, and resources from a variety of sources, including peer-reviewed research, government reports, and the trade literature, to identify priority populations and critical strategies for addressing their needs. The toolkit also highlights several practices that local public health agencies have found to be effective for enhancing preparedness planning and response for special needs populations, the challenges they have faced in implementing those practices, and the strategies they have employed to overcome those challenges. Many of the strategies, practices, and resources provided here could be useful to other emergency response agencies and applicable to any emergency response. Accessibility: This PDF is not fully accessible using a screen reader or Read Out Loud. Images lack alternate text, some text may be unreadable, and navigation may be confusing.